2018/5/21 14:02:00
南陽翻譯公司工作中的法律翻譯常見詞匯
法律翻譯的概念：法律翻譯是翻譯中的高端服務(wù)，它主要服務(wù)律師，外資企業(yè)，進(jìn)出口公司等社會上層群體，質(zhì)量要求和技術(shù)難度都相當(dāng)高。作為法律語言學(xué)主要研究內(nèi)容之一的法律翻譯，包括口譯和筆譯，在國內(nèi)、國際社會生活中將起日益重要的作用。法律翻譯工作除了對譯員及相關(guān)的條件提出較高的要求外，還受制于法律語言本身的特點(diǎn)。
法律翻譯的要求：
1、準(zhǔn)確性：法律翻譯對準(zhǔn)確性要求是高于其他任何一個專業(yè)翻譯領(lǐng)域的，沒有準(zhǔn)確性，就完全失去了翻譯的意義，所以準(zhǔn)確性是法律翻譯的靈魂，也是最基本的要求。
2、公正性：公正性是法律專業(yè)人員要遵守的最為基本的原則。法律翻譯是法律行業(yè)工作的一部分，因此公正性也應(yīng)是法律翻譯的最為基本的原則。
3、專業(yè)性：法律翻譯的譯員一般都是法律行業(yè)的從事人員，即便不是業(yè)內(nèi)工作人員，也必須對法律法典有相當(dāng)程度的認(rèn)識，才能靈活運(yùn)用，做到恰如其分地翻譯。這一點(diǎn)和財經(jīng)翻譯、醫(yī)學(xué)翻譯很類似，專業(yè)性相當(dāng)強(qiáng)。
Know All Men by these presents; undersigned; Now Therefore
釋義：
Know All Men by these presents：根據(jù)本文件，特此宣布；
undersigned：法律文件末尾的簽名者，前面加定冠詞the，是指文件簽署者的自稱；
Now Therefore：特此，因此等。
用法：這個短語一般接whereas之后，為引出具體協(xié)議事項(xiàng)的常用開頭詞，并與其后的hereby連用，可譯成“茲”，“特此”。
例1
Know All Men by these presents that we (bank’s name) having our registered office at ______ (hereinafter called “the Bank”) will be bound unto (the Owner’s name) (hereinafter called “the Owner”) in the sum of ________ for payment well and truly to be made to the said Owner, and the Bank will bind itself, its successors and assigns by these presents.
注釋：
（1）Know All Men by these presents：根據(jù)本文件，特此宣布
（2）registered office：注冊辦公地點(diǎn)
（3）be bound unto：對……有義務(wù)
（4）the Owner：業(yè)主
（5）well and truly：確實(shí)地
（6）assigns：受讓人
（7）by these presents：根據(jù)本文件
參考譯文：
根據(jù)本文件，茲宣布，我行（銀行名稱），其注冊地點(diǎn)在（注冊地名）（以下稱銀行），向（業(yè)主名稱）（以下稱業(yè)主）立約擔(dān)保支付（金額數(shù)）的保證金。本保證書對銀行及其繼承人和受讓人均具有約束力。
例2
The undersigned Seller and Buyer have agreed to close the following transaction in accordance with the terms and conditions stipulated as follows:
注釋：
（1）the undersigned Seller and Buyer：簽約的買賣雙方
（2）to close the following transaction：達(dá)成下列交易
參考譯文：
茲經(jīng)簽約的買賣雙方同意，按下列條款，達(dá)成這筆交易。
例3
And Whereas we have agreed to give the Contractor such Bank Guarantee; Now Therefore we hereby affirm that we are the Guarantor and responsible to you, on behalf of the Contractor, up to a total of (amount of guarantee) (in words), such sum being payable in types and proportions of currencies in which the Contract is payable, and we undertake to pay you, upon your first written demand and without cavil or argument, any sum or sums within the limits of (amount of guarantee) as aforesaid without your needing to prove or to show grounds or reasons for your demand for the sum specified therein.
注釋：
（1）Now Therefore we hereby affirm：我們特此同意
（2）Guarantor：保證人，擔(dān)保人
（3）amount of guarantee：保證金
（4）in words：用文字書寫金額
（5）types and proportions of currencies：貨幣的種類和比例
（6）written demand：書面要求
（7）without cavil or argument：不挑剔，不爭辯
（8）aforesaid：上述的
（9）grounds or reasons：理由，根據(jù)（兩詞為同義詞）
參考譯文：
本銀行（或金融機(jī)構(gòu)）已同意為承包人出具保證函，我們因此同意作為保證人，并代表承包人以支付合同價款所規(guī)定的貨幣種類和比例，向你方擔(dān)?？傤~為（大寫）的保證金。銀行在收到業(yè)主第一次書面付款要求后，不挑剔，不爭辯地，在上述擔(dān)保金范圍內(nèi)，即向你方支付（保證金額），你方無須出具證明或陳述提款理由。
例4
Know All Men by these presents that we, the Bank of China having our registered office at Fu Chenmen (hereinafter called the Bank) will be bound unto the Employer, in the Sum of _____for which payment well and truly to be made to the Employer, the Bank binds will bind himself, his successor and assignee by these presents.
注釋：
（1）Know All Men by these present that：根據(jù)合同文件，茲宣布
（2）The bank binds will bind himself, his successor and assigns by these presents：對銀行繼承人和受讓人均有約束力
參考譯文：
根據(jù)合同文件，茲宣布，中國銀行（注冊地點(diǎn)：北京阜成門）（以下簡稱：“銀行”）向業(yè)主立約擔(dān)保支付金額數(shù)的擔(dān)保證金。本保證書對銀行繼承人和受讓人均有約束力。
例5
Now therefore, the conditions of this obligation are such that, if the contractor will promptly and faithfully perform the said contract (including any amendments thereto) then this obligation shall be null and void, otherwise it shall remain in full force and effect.
注釋：
（1）now therefore：為此
（2）faithfully perform the said contract：忠實(shí)地履行上述合同
（3）including any amendments thereto：包括修改書 thereto: to the contract