2018/9/11 17:14:00
什么是情緒語(yǔ)言
所有人都能夠發(fā)出同樣的聲音。然而，每種語(yǔ)言都有自己的特殊使用方式。正如每種語(yǔ)言遵循不同的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，它也使用不同的聲音來(lái)表達(dá)情感，盡管有些似乎比其他語(yǔ)言似乎更相似。根據(jù)我們的母語(yǔ)，一些聲音或多或少是熟悉的，或多或少難以發(fā)音和識(shí)別。
All humans are able to make the same sounds. However, each language has its own particular way of employing them. Just as each language follows different grammatical rules, it also uses different sounds to express emotion, though some may seem more similar than others. Depending on our mother tongue, some sounds will be more or less familiar and more or less difficult to pronounce and recognize.
回想起每種語(yǔ)言描述不同文化現(xiàn)實(shí)的想法，人們想知道沒有可識(shí)別詞語(yǔ)的表達(dá)情感的聲音會(huì)發(fā)生什么。也就是說(shuō)，這些非語(yǔ)言發(fā)聲不僅僅是簡(jiǎn)單的聲音，而是用來(lái)傳達(dá)感情或意圖。我們可以通過(guò)語(yǔ)言之間的非語(yǔ)言發(fā)音來(lái)識(shí)別情感狀態(tài)嗎？
Going back to the idea that each language describes a different cultural reality, one wonders what happens with sounds that express emotions without recognizable words. That is, those non-verbal vocalizations that are more than simple sounds and that we use to communicate feelings or intensions. Can we recognize emotional states through non-verbal vocalizations between languages?
雖然這些不是由詞匯規(guī)則定義的，但在很多情況下，很容易被認(rèn)可，如哭泣或笑聲，表達(dá)幸福，厭惡，恐懼和驚喜的聲音可以說(shuō)是什么？（僅舉幾例）。
Although these are not defined by lexical rules, and in many cases are easily recognized, such as a cry or laughter, what can be said about the sounds that express happiness, disgust, fear and surprise? (Just to name a few).
美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院 發(fā)表了一項(xiàng)研究，比較了兩個(gè)不同的人口，即美國(guó)人和被稱為Himba人的土著部落群體。對(duì)于跨文化的情感驅(qū)動(dòng)的聲音的看法，有一些非常好奇的觀點(diǎn)。以下是采訪記錄，其中顯示了我們的看法有何不同：
A study was published by the National Academy of Sciences of the United States, where two separate populations were compared, namely, Americans and an indigenous tribal group known as the Himba people. Some very curious observations were made in terms of the perception of emotionally driven sounds across cultures. What follows is a transcript of an interview which shows just how different our perceptions can be:
（SOUNDBITE OF SHRIEK）
VEDANTAM：...美國(guó)人怎么聽？
VEDANTAM: …How did Americans hear that?
GENDRON：大多數(shù)美國(guó)人聽到 害怕，害怕，震驚或沮喪。
GENDRON: Most Americans heard it as scared, afraid,
shocked or frustrated. VEDANTAM：那個(gè)Himba呢，麗莎呢？
VEDANTAM: And what about the Himba, Lisa?
BARRETT：Himba會(huì)說(shuō)這個(gè)人正在哭泣死亡，這個(gè)人在痛苦地尖叫起來(lái)。
BARRETT: The Himba would say this person is crying about a death, this person is screaming in pain.
VEDANTAM： 痛苦和悲傷，不要害怕或震驚。
VEDANTAM: Pain and grief, not fear or shock.
在美國(guó)人聽到恐懼或沮喪的情況下，Himba部落聽到痛苦和痛苦。因此，得出的結(jié)論是，一些復(fù)雜的情緒（例如，驕傲）可能難以識(shí)別，因?yàn)樗鼈儽硎灸承┪幕?xì)微差別，但是基本情緒（例如悲傷，憤怒和驚喜）的發(fā)聲容易識(shí)別。好的消息是，即使你不懂語(yǔ)言，你仍然可以理解人的情感和意圖，反之亦然，沒有翻譯者。
Where Americans heard fear or frustration, the Himba tribe heard pain and suffering. Thus, it was concluded that some complex emotions (e.g., pride) may be difficult to identify because they denote certain cultural nuances, but that vocalizations of basic emotions (e.g., sadness, anger and surprise) are easily recognizable. The good news, then, is that even if you don’t know a language, you can still understand the emotions and intentions of people, and vice versa, without a translator.
——選自：樂文翻譯
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